Spring4 Generic은 Autowired 및 Qualifired를 보완하여 Generic을 지원합니다.
기존 Autowire 및 Qualifier의 기능에 대하여 확장하여 Spring4에서 추가로 지원하는 Generic 타입의 Autowire기능에 대하여 알아본다.
다음은 Customer 클래스에 Person property로 Autowire하는 예제이다.
package com.egovframe.common;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
public class Customer {
@Autowired
private Person person;
//...
}
다음과 같은경우 Person에 Autowire로 주입될수 없다.
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <bean class ="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/> <bean id="customer" class="com.egovframe.common.Customer" /> <bean id="personA" class="com.egovframe.common.Person" > <property name="name" value="GentlemanA" /> </bean> <bean id="personB" class="com.egovframe.common.Person" > <property name="name" value="GentlemanB" /> </bean> </beans>
같은 타입이 2개이므로 다음과 같은 오류를 발생시킨다.
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No unique bean of type [com.egovframe.common.Person] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: [personA, personB]
Qualifier 어노테이션에 personA를 특정하여 처리 할수 있으나 개별적으로 하나하나 지정해야 하는 문제가 있다.
package com.egovframe.common;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
public class Customer {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("personA")
private Person person;
//...
}
추상화 클래스 Employee를 구현한 Manager,Admin을 Generic으로 설정한다. 이경우 Spring 4의 Generic에 대하여 Autowire 주입 대상이 된다.
package generic;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
public class InjectBeans {
@Autowired
Employee<Manager> emp1;
@Autowired
Employee<Admin> emp2;
public void invokeManager(){
emp1.empSection();
}
public void invokeAdmin(){
emp2.empSection();
}
}
Employee는 추상클래스이며 상속을 통하여 구현된다. Admin과 Manager는 구현클래스이며 Autowire 어노테이션에의해 자동 주입된다.
package generic;
public abstract class Employee<T> {
public void printCompanyName(){
System.out.println("Display : Company Name");
}
public abstract void empSection();
}
package generic;
public class Admin extends Employee<Admin>{
public void empSection(){
System.out.println("Display : Admin Section");
}
}
package generic;
public class Manager extends Employee<Manager>{
public void empSection(){
System.out.println("Display : Manager Section");
}
}
구현 클래스 각각의 empSection()이 수행되어 다음과 같은 결과가 출력된다.
6월 23, 2015 11:23:54 오전 org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext prepareRefresh INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@1262a85: startup date [Tue Jun 23 11:23:54 KST 2015]; root of context hierarchy Display : Admin Section Display : Manager Section
Spring 3에서는 complie은 문제가 없으나 runtime시에 Generic 타입에 대한 주입기능이 없으므로 다음과 같은 오류가 발생한다.
6월 23, 2015 10:38:25 오전 org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@1110f31: startup date [Tue Jun 23 10:38:25 KST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
6월 23, 2015 10:38:26 오전 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@17f70bf: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,springMVCConfiguration,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.importAwareProcessor,getManager,InjectBeans,getAdmin]; root of factory hierarchy
6월 23, 2015 10:38:26 오전 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory destroySingletons
INFO: Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@17f70bf: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,springMVCConfiguration,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.importAwareProcessor,getManager,InjectBeans,getAdmin]; root of factory hierarchy
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'InjectBeans': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: generic.Employee generic.InjectBeans.emp1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [generic.Employee] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: getManager,getAdmin
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1146)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:633)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.<init>(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:73)
at generic.SpringMVCApplicationDemo.main(SpringMVCApplicationDemo.java:15)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: generic.Employee generic.InjectBeans.emp1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [generic.Employee] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: getManager,getAdmin
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:517)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:286)
... 12 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [generic.Employee] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: getManager,getAdmin
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:870)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:775)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:489)
... 14 more